DecipherTechnical reference

Ciphers

Variant Beaufort cipher

A repeating-Key cipher using plaintext minus Key.

Also found as Variant · Beaufort variant · German variant

How it works

Variant Beaufort subtracts Key from plaintext. Decryption adds it back. It matches Vigenère with the shifts reversed, but the same written keyword produces a different result.ACA VariantMilitary Cryptanalysis, Part II

Cᵢ = (Pᵢ − Kᵢ) mod 26Pᵢ = (Cᵢ + Kᵢ) mod 26

Worked example

ACA Variant vector
Keyword
APPLE
Plaintext
CEQUALSPMINUSK
Ciphertext
CPBJWLDABENFDZ
ACA Variant

Recognition and naming

The ACA usually calls this cipher simply Variant. Decipher says Variant Beaufort to show the relationship. Periodic clues may identify the family. To tell its members apart, test a plaintext or Key guess under each formula.ACA Variant

Sources

  1. American Cryptogram Association, Variant instructions
  2. William F. Friedman, Military Cryptanalysis, Part II